Technological Study of the Decoration on an Erard Harp from 1818     

Panagiotis Poulopoulos  Marisa Pamplona  Luise Richter  Elke Cwiertnia 《文物保护研究》2020,65(2):86-102

ABSTRACT

Historical pedal harps from the early nineteenth century are highly adorned objects, decorated with various techniques such as polychromy, gilding, decoupage, and gilt composition ornaments. Even though a large number of such instruments are kept in private and public collections, until now their decorative features have not been examined systematically. Moreover, little has been written about the motives behind the choice of various decorative techniques by harp makers. This article presents results from the investigation of a double-action harp made in 1818 by Erard, the leading manufacturer of harps in Regency London, focusing on the technological aspects of its decorative features. Various analytical methods, such as visual examination, microscopy, SEM-EDX, FTIR, and Py-GC-MS, were used to identify the inorganic and organic components in the coating of the harp and to analyse its stratigraphy. Inspection with ultraviolet light revealed details of the original layers and of later additions, while radiography made the internal structure as well as damaged areas and repairs visible. The outcome of this object-based examination was complemented by archival research on the Erard firm, providing new insight into Erard’s production and marketing strategies.  相似文献   

“体教结合”视角下体育运动学校“三集中”办学办训模式发展的困境及其对策——以徐汇区青少年体育运动学校为例          下载免费PDF全文

郑昕波  王春秀 《体育科研》2019,(2):49-55

当前在我国培养高水平竞技体育人才的多种方式中，“体教结合”的“三集中”（集中住、集中学、集中训）办学模式占据着独特的优势和特殊的地位。然而，伴随着高考制度的改革，上海市相关人口政策的相继出台，以及家长对子女未来职业选择的多元化趋势等，青少年体育运动学校的“三集中”式办学的主要矛盾凸显。以徐汇区青少年体育运动学校/徐汇位育体校为研究对象，分析学校“体教结合”的“三集中”办学模式发展的瓶颈问题，并对其产生的原因进行解析，进而提出解决“三集中”办学模式发展困境的若干对策及建议。  相似文献   

Body composition differences by age and playing standard in male rugby union and rugby league: A systematic review and meta-analysis     

Tom Geeson-Brown  Ben Jones  Kevin Till  Sarah Chantler  Kevin Deighton 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(19):2161-2176

ABSTRACT

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine differences in body compositionn between playing standard and age in male rugby union and rugby league athletes. The MOOSE (Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines for design, implementation, and reporting were followed. Studies were required to be in male rugby union or league and have body composition as the primary or secondary outcome. Data was required to be presented separately for positional groups and body composition presented as whole-body. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and CINHAHL via EBSCOhost. 57 studies were included for meta-analysis. Results highlighted significantly higher fat-free mass in senior elite than senior sub-elite or junior elite athletes for all RU and RL forwards. Small and non-significant differences were found in fat mass between rugby union playing standards and age categories. Rugby league senior elite forwards had less fat mass than junior elite forwards. Practitioners should prioritise training and nutritional strategies that maximise fat-free mass development, especially in junior elite cohorts.  相似文献   

Unusual changes in colostrum composition in lactating Indian women having medical complications during pregnancy—A pilot study     

S. Kaushik  S. S. Trivedi  A. Jain  J. Bhattacharjee 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(2):68-73

Colostrum, the mammary secretion during first 2–4 days of lactation, provides all the essential components of nutrition and passive immunity required by the newborn. Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), glucose intolerance and anaemia are common medical complications observed during pregnancy in Indian women and their effects were studied on the composition of colostrum collected within 24 hours of delivery from lactating women included in the study. PIH during pregnancy significantly decreased colostrum IgA and total proteins, but showed a significant increase in K⁺ levels, where as women with glucose intolerance showed a significant decrease in total lipids and lactose and an increase in Na⁺ levels in colostrum compared to normal controls. The group with anaemia also showed a significant decrease in colostrum IgA and total protein levels when compared with the control group. Awareness about the changes that occur in the composition of colostrum during complicated pregnancies can be an important and useful tool for preventive and protective paediatrics.  相似文献   

多项式环上一次不定方程的矩阵解法与程序设计     

晏林 《科技通报》2004,20(4):316-319

利用多项式环F[x]上的欧几里德算法给出求解多项式环F[x]上的多元一次不定方程通解的矩阵解法，同时利用MATLAB数学软件给出相应的计算机求解多项式环F[x]上一次不定方程的程序，这种方法可以普遍地应用．  相似文献   

试论大中型企业技术创新战略及其解决方案   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐光磊  陈自力 《科研管理》2005,26(3):104-110

本文简要总结了技术创新对企业经营和发展的重要性，分析了大中型企业在我国企业技术创新工作中的地位和作用。作者认为大中型企业，特别是国家重点企业，应当是我国企业技术创新的“中坚力量”，责无旁贷地承担着通过技术创新的手段，提高企业竞争力，进而提高产业和国家竞争力的历史重任。但是，目前我国许多大中型企业技术创新工作仍然存在着许多关键问题需要解决。本文对这些问题进行了详细的归纳和总结，认为企业技术创新工作需要克服“短视行为”、加强对技术创新规律的认识、加深对目前我国企业技术创新初试条件的理解、完善技术创新战略的内容、优化技术创新实施工作机制。为了解决上述问题，作者提出了我国大中型企业技术创新战略的系统解决方案模型，认为企业技术创新战略必须结合企业的总体发展战略，依据企业的技术创新能力等内部因素和企业的技术发展机会、产品市场机会等外部因素的认识和总结，确定企业技术创新战略的相关内容。同时，为保证企业技术创新战略的顺利实施和最终效果，必须有相应的技术创新体系、运行机制和保障措施。最后，企业在制订和实施技术创新战略时，需要重点围绕技术选择、组织体系建设、科技人员的激励等开展工作，以此带动企业技术创新的突破和发展，形成具有可操作性的解决方案，并提出了技术选择、组织体系建设和科技人员激励的模型。  相似文献   

银杏的营养、药用价值与开发前景     

陈在新  程水源  艾继洲  李昌周 《资源科学》1994,(4)

该文简述了银杏的各种化学成分以及营养、药用、经济价值，并对其开发途径作了探讨．  相似文献   

关于AR-MA双重时序模型平稳解的存在性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

卢祖帝 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1991,(2)

本文在参考文献[1]、[2]的基础上讨论了AR-MA双重时序模型存在平稳解的条件,获得了AR(1)-MA(1)和AR(1)-MA(2)存在平稳解的充要条件(不必假定白噪声序列为正态)。本文的方法完全适用于讨论一般的AR(1)-MA(q)模型的平稳解的存在性,而且对讨论AR-AR模型也有所启发。  相似文献   

基于满意解策略的秘书问题研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

刘庆顺  王渊  王刊良 《软科学》2007,21(5):14-16

秘书问题是一类序贯观察与选择问题,描述了一种动态的信息搜索与决策过程。已有解决秘书问题的方法,主要特征是以取样选项中的最大值作为标杆,其优点是能保证赢的概率最大,其不足是很少考虑决策者的有限理性与启发式偏见。提出了基于次大值标杆策略的设想,通过理论求解以及仿真实验的方法研究了该策略的特征与规律。结果发现:赢的概率随着标杆由最大值向次大值、第三大值等的变化而逐渐降低,且最优截止阀值也不断后移。  相似文献   

考虑管间液滴形成和下落过程的吸收器模拟及分析     

王照亮  唐大伟 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2006,23(4):457-464

针对以溴化锂水溶液为工质的水平管吸收器，考虑管底部液滴形成和管间下落过程，建立了描述管间滴状形成和下落吸收过程传热传质耦合数学模型。根据数值计算结果，分析了溶液温度、浓度和吸收速率沿管排不同位置和水平管管间的变化，分析了管间距对吸收器整体传热传质性能的影响。结果表明，滴状吸收过程约占总吸收量的30%。与实验数据的对比说明提出的数学模型是合理的。  相似文献